German Tax ID (Steueridentifikationsnummer): What Expats Need to Know
File your taxes efficiently using our Tax Hub.
Filing a voluntary tax return is the easiest way to reclaim your relocation and work-related expenses in Germany.
The Steueridentifikationsnummer (Tax ID) is an 11-digit number that identifies you to the German tax authorities. Every person registered in Germany automatically receives one, and you’ll need it for the practical admin that follows your arrival: starting a job, filing taxes, and completing many identity checks tied to your German bank account setup.
Choose Your Next Tax Step
- Still waiting for the letter? Finish your Anmeldung correctly first, then request the ID again only if four weeks have already passed.
- Starting work soon? Keep a copy of the letter ready for payroll so you do not get temporary tax-class issues.
- Already earning in Germany? Your Tax ID is the bridge to filing a refund and checking whether you are leaving money with the Finanzamt.
What is the Steueridentifikationsnummer?
The Steueridentifikationsnummer (Steuer-ID or IdNr) is a permanent, lifetime tax identification number issued by the Bundeszentralamt für Steuern (Federal Central Tax Office). Unlike your tax number (Steuernummer), the Steuer-ID never changes, even if you move cities or change jobs.
How Do You Get One?
You do not apply for a Steuer-ID, it is sent to you automatically by post within 2–4 weeks after completing your Anmeldung (address registration). It arrives in a plain official letter from the Bundeszentralamt für Steuern.
Important: Make sure your address is correct on your Anmeldung or the letter will go to the wrong place.
What Do You Need It For?
- Starting a new job: your employer needs your Steuer-ID to set up payroll correctly
- Filing tax returns: required for Elster (Germany’s tax filing system)
- Opening a bank account: banks are required to collect it
- Child benefit (Kindergeld): if you have children
- Pension contributions
What if Your Letter Hasn’t Arrived?
If you’ve been registered for more than 4 weeks and haven’t received your Steuer-ID, you can request it online at the Bundeszentralamt für Steuern website (idnr.de). You’ll need your name, date of birth, and registered address. Before doing that, first make sure your name is on the letterbox and that your Anmeldung address was entered correctly.
Steuer-ID vs Steuernummer: What’s the Difference?
- Steueridentifikationsnummer (Steuer-ID): Permanent, 11-digit ID. Used for employment and personal taxes. Never changes.
- Steuernummer: Assigned by your local Finanzamt (tax office). Changes when you move to a different city. Used for self-employment and business taxes.
As an employed expat, your Steuer-ID is what you’ll use most often.
Do You Need to File a Tax Return?
Germany has a pay-as-you-earn system, your employer deducts income tax automatically. Many expats don’t need to file a tax return. However, filing is often worthwhile because you may get money back, especially if you:
- Worked for only part of the year
- Had work-related expenses (home office, commuting, professional equipment)
- Paid for training or further education
- Made charitable donations
The deadline for voluntary tax returns is 31 December, four years after the relevant tax year. So for 2022 taxes, you have until 31 December 2026. If you want a quick sense-check before choosing software, run your numbers through the refund simulator first so you know whether the likely refund is meaningful.
File Your German Tax Return in English
These apps make filing your German tax return simple, even without speaking German. Use the EZ Navigator refund simulator first, then pick the filing route that fits your case.
Frequently Asked Questions
What if I start a job before receiving my Steuer-ID?
Your employer can start you on a temporary tax class and correct it once your Steuer-ID arrives. Inform your HR department of the situation - it's common for new arrivals.
Does my Steuer-ID expire?
No - it is valid for life. You keep the same number even if you leave Germany and return years later.
Where can I get help with German taxes as an expat?
Apps like Taxfix and Wundertax offer English-language tax filing assistance in Germany. For complex situations (self-employment, international income), a Steuerberater (tax advisor) is recommended.
Disclaimer: Expatzentrum is an informational portal designed to help expats navigate life in Germany. While we make every effort to keep our guides accurate, up-to-date, and compliant with current German regulations, the information on this website does not constitute official legal, tax, or financial advice. We are not certified tax advisors (Steuerberater) or legal practitioners. Always consult a qualified professional or the relevant German authorities (such as the Finanzamt or Deutsche Rentenversicherung) before making major financial or legal decisions.
